Current Events 2025: 10 important topics

 Top 10 MUST-KNOW 2025 Current Events for competitive exams

1. 2025 Union Budget & Fiscal Reforms

  • Fiscal deficit target: 4.4%, with continued push toward fiscal consolidation.

  • Key reforms: Increased capital expenditure, new tax slabs (rebate up to ₹12.75 lakh), and digital taxation roadmap.

2. India’s Gaganyaan Manned Space Mission Preparations

  • First uncrewed test completed in early 2025, with manned mission planned for late 2025 or 2026.

  • Significance:

    • ISRO's entry into human spaceflight.

    • Boosts indigenous aerospace technology.

    • Enhances India's standing in global space diplomacy.

3. Supreme Court Verdict on Simultaneous Elections

  • Major constitutional bench verdict delivered in July 2025.

  • Held that "One Nation, One Election" is desirable but not enforceable without constitutional amendments.

  • Impacts: Governance stability vs. federalism debate.

4. India–Russia–U.S. Strategic Triangle

  • 2025: India faces pressure over oil imports from Russia amid new U.S. tariffs.

  • U.S. imposes up to 50% tariffs on Indian pharma and textiles.

  • India counters via diplomatic engagement with Russia, BRICS, Brazil, and multilateral forums.

5. The Digital Census Initiative

  • India's first app-based digital census pilot rolled out in select districts.

  • Key concerns: Digital divide, data security, AI-based enumeration.

  • Relevance: E-governance, technology in administration.

6. Supreme Court Ruling on Electoral Bonds (Feb 2024) – Still Hot in 2025

  • Held electoral bonds unconstitutional (violated Right to Information).

  • Repercussions in 2025:

    • Election funding under scanner.

    • Push for alternate transparent funding mechanisms.

7. SDG Index 2025: India Enters Top 100

  • India ranked 99th — first time in top 100.

  • Improvement in: Electricity, education, maternal health.

  • Yet lagging in: Gender equality, environmental protection.

8. India's AI & Data Governance Push

  • Rapid adoption of Generative AI in governance and education.

  • Key moves:

    • DPDP Act, 2023 implementation phase.

    • National AI Mission and local language AI models.

  • Ethical concerns, surveillance, algorithmic bias debated in Parliament.

9. Theatre Command Rollout

  • First two Integrated Theatre Commands to be operational by end-2025.

  • Enhanced jointness in Army, Navy, Air Force.

  • Opposition from IAF over chain of command still unresolved.

10. Uniform Civil Code (UCC) Push – Uttarakhand Law & National Buzz

  • Uttarakhand passed UCC in 2024; 2025 saw debates over expanding it nationwide.

  • Key points:

    • Gender equality vs. personal law rights.

    • Article 44 (DPSP) vs. Article 25 (Religious Freedom).

  • Political and legal ramifications significant ahead of General Elections.

Other Topics (Equally Important):

  • New Delhi Redevelopment (Central Vista Project completion).

  • Manipur & Northeast Security Crisis 2024–25: Ethnic violence, AFSPA debate.

  • BRICS Expansion & India's Role as Chair in 2025.

  • Global Climate Diplomacy: COP30 (Brazil, late 2025) – India’s net-zero stance.

  • New Criminal Laws (BNS, BNSS, BSA) replacing IPC, CrPC, IEA – came into effect July 1, 2025.

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